Resource library

It is critical to build a high-quality evidence base to support the efficacy of investments in nature-based interventions. The review aims to address three key questions: 1. What evidence exists on the effectiveness and trade-offs of a selected subset of nature-based interventions – for poverty alleviation, climate change mitigation and adaptation, nature and its biodiversity conservation, sustainable management or restoration, and cost? 2. Where are the evidence gaps? 3. What, broadly, does the evidence conclude?

• United Kingdom
• Biodiversity / Ecosystem Conservation and Management (Terrestrial and Marine)
• Nature based solutions
• Nature Facility
• 2024

The mountainous northern Indian states of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand regularly experience devastating landslides due to their topography and monsoon climate. Flows of mud and rock have killed and injured thousands of people, damaged property and displaced vulnerable communities. The landslides pose a significant societal challenge, not only in terms of immediate destruction but also because of their long-term impacts on livelihoods, infrastructure and regional development. Over time, they degrade biodiversity and ecosystem services.

• India
• Biodiversity / Ecosystem Conservation and Management (Terrestrial and Marine)
• Nature Facility
• 2024

The magnitude of environmental crime in the Amazon is underestimated because of poor data. As a result, environmental crime is not fully considered in the design of conservation programmes, weakening efforts to achieve effective and sustainable management of the Amazonian ecosystem. The impact of illegal economies in the Amazon lies not only in their economic value but also in their social effects and their capacity to generate norms that legitimise activities that harm ecosystems.

• Peru
• Bolivia
• Colombia
• Venezuela
• Guyana
• Suriname
• Ecuador
• Biodiversity / Ecosystem Conservation and Management (Terrestrial and Marine)
• Nature Facility
• 2024

Uganda is renowned for its rich biodiversity. However, its growing population and high poverty rates are driving encroachment into protected areas and other biodiverse landscapes, leading to habitat destruction, human-wildlife conflict, spread of zoonotic diseases, and over-exploitation of natural resources.

• Uganda
• Biodiversity / Ecosystem Conservation and Management (Terrestrial and Marine)
• Nature Facility
• 2024

This briefing note provides an overview of UK built environment industry best practice approaches to planning, designing & assessing climate resilient infrastructure. Many definitions of climate resilience exist within this emerging and evolving field of work. Current best-practice industry views on climate resilient infrastructure can be summarised as: Infrastructure systems are complex and interconnected with other physical, economic and social systems.

• United Kingdom
• Infrastructure (Including Energy and Transport)
• Green Cities, Infrastructure and Energy Programme (GCIEP)
• 2018

DFID’s Economic Development Strategy (2017) recognises climate change as ‘the biggest global threat to sustained economic development’. Climate-resilient infrastructure can accommodate the shocks and stresses posed by extreme weather events and climate change, while supporting economies and communities (particularly the poor and vulnerable) to survive, adapt and thrive in the face of these challenges.

• United Kingdom
• Infrastructure (Including Energy and Transport)
• Green Cities, Infrastructure and Energy Programme (GCIEP)
• 2018

This Quick Scoping Review (QSR), commissioned by FCDO to inform Phase 2 of Building Local Resilience in Syria (BLRS), assesses the extent and quality of evidence on options for improving farmers’ access to water and boosting agricultural production in ways that minimise or reduce pressure on scare water resources. The review synthesises findings from over 150 quantitative and qualitative studies published between 2000 and 2024, with a particular focus on extending and sustaining irrigation, harvesting rainfall, and reusing wastewater.

• Syria
• Water Resources Management
• 2025

This report investigates the rationale, feasibility, and implications of integrating nature-related risks into the Low-Income Country Debt Sustainability Framework (LIC-DSF). The LIC-DSF is a core tool for assessing debt vulnerabilities in low-income countries (LICs), with significant influence on IMF-World Bank surveillance, concessional financing terms, and broader macroeconomic policy frameworks, as well as private investment and costs of capital.

• Biodiversity / Ecosystem Conservation and Management (Terrestrial and Marine)
• Finance and Insurance
• Nature Finance
• 2025

The CLEAN Helpdesk integrates gender equity, disability, and social inclusion (GEDSI) through all technical assistance (TA) requests to advance effective and sustainable climate, environment and nature (CEN) outcomes. We support programmes to embed equitable outcomes, meaningfully engage socially excluded groups, and leverage GEDSI co-benefits through their work. Read more about our approach in this info note.

• United Kingdom
• Gender Equity
• Governance
• 2025

This report sets out the findings from a gender equality, disability and social inclusion (GEDSI) analysis, focused on biodiversity, sustainable seafood and pollution in coastal areas of Belize. The findings will be used to inform the Ocean Country Partnership Programme on the needs of the most vulnerable and marginalised groups in the locations where the programme is implemented. This research has been conducted over a period of two months and involved both primary and secondary qualitative research.

• Belize
• Biodiversity / Ecosystem Conservation and Management (Terrestrial and Marine)
• 2025