Resource library

This K4DD Rapid Evidence Review explores the impact of climate change and environmental degradation on conflict in the Sahel, with focus on Mali and Niger. It goes beyond discussions looking at direct causes of conflict, to focus on the indirect impacts of climate change and environmental degradation on conflict and violence – e.g. how it can exacerbate the drivers of conflict, and the conditions that shape whether, when, where, and what form of conflict will break out.

• Mali
• Niger
• Social Protection
• Knowledge for Development and Diplomacy Programme (K4DD)
• 2025

This briefing note provides an overview of UK built environment industry best practice approaches to planning, designing & assessing climate resilient infrastructure. Many definitions of climate resilience exist within this emerging and evolving field of work. Current best-practice industry views on climate resilient infrastructure can be summarised as: Infrastructure systems are complex and interconnected with other physical, economic and social systems.

• United Kingdom
• Infrastructure (Including Energy and Transport)
• Green Cities, Infrastructure and Energy Programme (GCIEP)
• 2018

The K4DD Rapid Evidence Review titled “Climate Change and Tobacco Cultivation” examines the impacts of climate change on tobacco farming, control, and governance.

• Bangladesh
• Indonesia
• Zimbabwe
• Agriculture, Land-use, and Forestry
• Knowledge for Development and Diplomacy Programme (K4DD)
• 2024

This K4DD Rapid Evidence Review provides an overview of the current understanding of the attribution of climate change in Vietnam. It draws on an expanding evidence base that includes academic and grey literature. The literature identified presents a complex and multifaceted picture with regional variation across the country and in the wider East and South East Asian region.

• Vietnam
• Diplomacy and policy influencing
• Knowledge for Development and Diplomacy Programme (K4DD)
• 2024

This report and accompanying policy brief aim to support policy makers and practitioners in understanding how addressing GBV supports the effectiveness of climate change programmes and policies. It shares examples of emerging good practice and provides recommendations for all stakeholders to address GBV more comprehensively.

• Gender Equity
• 2024

This K4DD Rapid Evidence Review explores the causes and consequences of air pollution in Nepal, focusing on particulate matter (PM2.5) and drawing from academic and grey literature.

• Nepal
• Low Carbon Growth and Mitigation
• Knowledge for Development and Diplomacy Programme (K4DD)
• 2024

This Quick Scoping Review (QSR), commissioned by FCDO to inform Phase 2 of Building Local Resilience in Syria (BLRS), assesses the extent and quality of evidence on options for improving farmers’ access to water and boosting agricultural production in ways that minimise or reduce pressure on scare water resources. The review synthesises findings from over 150 quantitative and qualitative studies published between 2000 and 2024, with a particular focus on extending and sustaining irrigation, harvesting rainfall, and reusing wastewater.

• Syria
• Water Resources Management
• 2025

This report investigates the rationale, feasibility, and implications of integrating nature-related risks into the Low-Income Country Debt Sustainability Framework (LIC-DSF). The LIC-DSF is a core tool for assessing debt vulnerabilities in low-income countries (LICs), with significant influence on IMF-World Bank surveillance, concessional financing terms, and broader macroeconomic policy frameworks, as well as private investment and costs of capital.

• Biodiversity / Ecosystem Conservation and Management (Terrestrial and Marine)
• Finance and Insurance
• Nature Finance
• 2025

The CLEAN Helpdesk integrates gender equity, disability, and social inclusion (GEDSI) through all technical assistance (TA) requests to advance effective and sustainable climate, environment and nature (CEN) outcomes. We support programmes to embed equitable outcomes, meaningfully engage socially excluded groups, and leverage GEDSI co-benefits through their work. Read more about our approach in this info note.

• United Kingdom
• Gender Equity
• Governance
• 2025

This report sets out the findings from a gender equality, disability and social inclusion (GEDSI) analysis, focused on biodiversity, sustainable seafood and pollution in coastal areas of Belize. The findings will be used to inform the Ocean Country Partnership Programme on the needs of the most vulnerable and marginalised groups in the locations where the programme is implemented. This research has been conducted over a period of two months and involved both primary and secondary qualitative research.

• Belize
• Biodiversity / Ecosystem Conservation and Management (Terrestrial and Marine)
• 2025